在 Centos 7 中部署 MySQL 主从集群
通过 YUM 安装 MySQL
在主从服务器中均需要执行
下载 rpm 包
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
卸载 mariadb
rpm -qa|grep mariadb
rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
安装 MySQL
yum -y install mysql-server --nogpgcheck
如果出现 mysql-community-client-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装，在安装之前执行 rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
启动 MySQL
systemctl restart mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
获取 MySQL 密码并修改和配置远程访问
# 获取密码
grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log
# 登录数据库
mysql -u root -p
# 修改密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Root123456!';
# 开启远程访问
update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
alter user 'root'@'%' identified by 'Root123456!' password expire never;
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Root123456!';
flush privileges;
主从数据库配置文件
修改主和从节点配置文件
主数据库配置文件
$ vim /etc/my.cnf
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation_server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
# 默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# # Compatible with versions before 8.0
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
# 主从配置
log-bin=binlog
server-id=1
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=on
log-slave-updates=on
[client]
#设置客户端编码
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认编码
default-character-set=utf8mb4
$ vim /etc/my.cnf
# 修改为utf8编码
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation_server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
# 默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# Compatible with versions before 8.0
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
# 主从配置
server-id=2
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=on
log-slave-updates=on
[client]
#设置客户端编码
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认编码
default-character-set=utf8mb4
重启主和从数据库
systemctl restart mysqld
配置主从复制
在主节点创建slave账号
CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'slave';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
flush privileges;
获取主节点当前 binlog 和 position
SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| binlog.000003 | 868 | | | 1b009ef8-a67f-11ea-8c9a-0242ac110002:1-8 |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
配置从节点连接主节点
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
mysql> MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.10',
mysql> MASTER_USER='slave',
mysql> MASTER_PASSWORD='slave',
mysql> MASTER_PORT=3306,
mysql> MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000003',
mysql> MASTER_LOG_POS=868;
# 启动从节点
mysql> start slave;
# 再查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status;
这里只要看到两个参数 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都为 true 且 Error 字段都为空则主从集群正常工作。
建库验证
在主数据库创建 Rainbond 部署所需的数据库，查看从服务器是否同步更新了数据
mysql> create database console;
mysql> create database region;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| console |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| region |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
数据同步成功，则主从复制部署完成
